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Shibanuma, Tomohiro; Hirano, Hiroshi*; Kimura, Yasuhisa; Aita, Takahiro; Yoshida, Masato; Nagai, Yuya; Kitamura, Akihiro
Hoken Butsuri (Internet), 58(2), p.91 - 98, 2023/08
We developed new containment tents that are more easily assembled and effectively functioned, by improving and refurbishing the shortcomings of the conventional tents. The new tents have been already tested in the real airborne contamination situation occurred at the plutonium fuel fabricating facility. The tents appropriately functioned for intended use but other shortcomings emerged and therefore we had modified the structure of the tents further.
Togawa, Orihiko; Okura, Takehisa; Kimura, Masanori; Nagai, Haruyasu
JAEA-Review 2021-021, 61 Pages, 2021/11
JAEA-Review-2021-021.pdf:3.72MB
Triggered by the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station accident, there have been a lot of arguments among various situations and levels about utilization of atmospheric dispersion models for a nuclear emergency preparedness and response. Most of these arguments, however, were alternative and extreme discussions on whether predictions by computational models could be applied or not for protective measures in a nuclear emergency, and it was hard to say that these arguments were politely conducted, based on scientific verification in an emergency response. It was known, on the other hand, that there were not a few potential users of atmospheric dispersion models and/or calculation results by the models within the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) and outside. However, they seemed to have a lack of understanding and a misunderstanding on proper use of different kinds of atmospheric dispersion models. This report compares an outline of models and calculation method in atmospheric dispersion models for a nuclear emergency preparedness and response, with a central focus on the models which have been developed and used in the JAEA. Examples of calculations by these models are also described in the report. This report aims at contributing to future consideration and activities for potential users of atmospheric dispersion models within the JAEA and outside.
Okuno, Hiroshi; Sato, Sohei; Kawakami, Takeshi; Yamamoto, Kazuya; Tanaka, Tadao
Journal of Radiation Protection and Research, 46(2), p.66 - 79, 2021/06
The nuclear accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (NPS) of Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO) was a typical one of the disastrous damages that induced evacuation of the residents around the NPS, which was triggered by the hugest earthquake and associated tsunami. This paper summarized early responses of the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), especially of its Nuclear Emergency Assistance and Training Center (NEAT) to the off-site emergencies associated with the TEPCO's Fukushima Daiichi NPS. The paper addressed activities of emergency preparedness of the NEAT before 2011 in relevant to the TEPCO's Fukushima Daiichi NPS, the situation of the NEAT on March 11, 2011, and its early responses to the related off-site emergencies including those caused by the accident at the TEPCO's Fukushima Daiichi NPS. The paper also discussed issues associated with complex disasters.
Hashimoto, Makoto; Kinase, Sakae; Munakata, Masahiro; Murayama, Takashi; Takahashi, Masa; Takada, Chie; Okamoto, Akiko; Hayakawa, Tsuyoshi; Sukegawa, Masato; Kume, Nobuhide*; et al.
JAEA-Review 2020-071, 53 Pages, 2021/03
JAEA-Review-2020-071.pdf:2.72MB
In the case of a nuclear accident or a radiological emergency, the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), as a designated public corporation assigned in the Disaster Countermeasures Basic Act and the Armed Attack Situation Response Law, undertakes technical supports to the national government and local governments. The JAEA is requested to support to evaluate radiation doses to residents in a nuclear emergency, which is specified in the Basic Disaster Management Plan and the Nuclear Emergency Response Manual. For the dose evaluation, however, its strategy, target, method, structure and so on have not been determined either specifically or in detail. This report describes the results of investigation and consideration discussed in the "Working Group for Radiation Dose Evaluation at a Nuclear Emergency" established within the Nuclear Emergency Assistance and Training Center to discuss technical supports for radiation dose evaluation to residents in the case of a nuclear emergency, and aims at contributing to specific and detailed discussion and activities in the future for the national government and local governments, also within the JAEA.
Futemma, Akira; Sanada, Yukihisa; Kawasaki, Yoshiharu*; Iwai, Takeyuki*; Hiraga, Shogo*; Sato, Kazuhiko*; Haginoya, Masashi*; Matsunaga, Yuki*; Kikuchi, Hikaru*; Ishizaki, Azusa; et al.
JAEA-Technology 2020-019, 128 Pages, 2021/02
JAEA-Technology-2020-019.pdf:15.75MB
A large amount of radioactive material was released by the nuclear disaster of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (FDNPS), Tokyo Electric Power Company, caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake and the following tsunami on March 11, 2011. After the nuclear disaster, airborne radiation monitoring using manned helicopter has been utilized to grasp rapidly and widely the distribution of the radioactive materials around FDNPS. We prepare the data of background radiation dose, geomorphic characteristics and the controlled airspace around nuclear facilities of the whole country in order to make effective use of the monitoring technique as a way of emergency radiation monitoring and supply the results during accidents of the facilities. Furthermore, the airborne radiation monitoring has been conducted in Integrated Nuclear Emergency Response Drill to increase effectiveness of the monitoring. This report is summarized that the knowledge as noted above achieved by the aerial radiation monitoring around Higashidori nuclear power station, the nuclear fuel reprocessing plant in Rokkasho village and Shika nuclear power station, the full details of the aerial radiation monitoring in Integrated Nuclear Emergency Response Drill in the fiscal 2019. In addition, examination's progress aimed at introduction of airborne radiation monitoring using unmanned helicopter during nuclear disaster and the technical issues are summarized in this report.
Okuno, Hiroshi; Yamamoto, Kazuya
JAEA-Review 2020-066, 32 Pages, 2021/02
JAEA-Review-2020-066.pdf:3.01MB
The International Atomic Energy Agency (abbreviated as IAEA) has been implementing the Asian Nuclear Safety Network (abbreviated as ANSN) activities since 2002. As part of this effort, Topical Group on Emergency Preparedness and Response (abbreviated as EPRTG) for nuclear or radiation disasters was established in 2006 under the umbrella of the ANSN. Based on the EPRTG proposal, the IAEA conducted 23 Asian regional workshops in the 12 years from 2006 to 2017. Typical topical fields of the regional workshops were nuclear emergency drills, emergency medical care, long-term response after nuclear/radiological emergency, international cooperation, national nuclear disaster prevention system. The Japan Atomic Energy Agency has produced coordinators for EPRTG since its establishment and has led its activities since then. This report summarizes the Asian regional workshops conducted by the IAEA based on the recommendations of the EPRTG.
Tsubaki, Hirohiko; Koizumi, Satoshi*
JAEA-Technology 2020-016, 16 Pages, 2020/11
JAEA-Technology-2020-016.pdf:2.96MB
Maintenance and Operation Section for Remote Control Equipment in Naraha Center for Remote Control Technology Development is the main part of the nuclear emergency response team of JAEA deal with Act on Special Measures Concerning Nuclear Emergency Preparedness. The section needs to train operators from every nuclear facility in JAEA to control crawler-type robots, and so on. A driving training of a crawler-type robot used a reciprocating passage (U-shaped passage look from above) is one of the important training programs. The section always assembled a reciprocating passage with borrowed parts from other sections for every training of being used the passage. The section designed and produced training-way system included a reciprocating passage with stairs in 2019 fiscal year. The system makes the section members labor-saving, possible to set any time for training and diverse training-ways with easy assembling system. This report shows design and produce training-way system for crawler-type robots against nuclear emergency of JAEA facilities by Maintenance and Operation Section for Remote Control Equipment.
Nishiyama, Yutaka; Iwai, Masaki; Tsubaki, Hirohiko; Chiba, Yusuke; Hayasaka, Toshiro*; Ono, Hayato*; Hanyu, Toshinori*
JAEA-Technology 2020-006, 26 Pages, 2020/08
JAEA-Technology-2020-006.pdf:2.43MB
Maintenance and Operation Section for Remote Control Equipment in Naraha Center for Remote Control Technology Development is the main part of the nuclear emergency response team of JAEA deal with Act on Special Measures Concerning Nuclear Emergency Preparedness. The section needs to remodel crawler-type robots for tasks, crawler-type scouting robots, and so on. About two crawler-type robots for tasks, the section designed and mounted advanced wireless communication equipment on manipulators mounted on the two robots. The crawler part of the robot has been able to be controlled by way of the new equipment, and when it is broken down, it can be changed by way of an original equipment. And the new equipment makes a single relay robot controllable both the crawler part and the manipulator part of the robot, in case of wireless relay robots being needed. And after checking the ability and characteristic about 5 wireless communication equipment, the section chose and mounted the best equipment on one crawler-type scouting robot. This report shows design and mounting advanced wireless communication equipment on the two crawler-type robots for tasks and on the one crawler-type scouting robot.
Iwasaki, Toshiki*; Sekiyama, Tsuyoshi*; Nakajima, Teruyuki*; Watanabe, Akira*; Suzuki, Yasushi*; Kondo, Hiroaki*; Morino, Yu*; Terada, Hiroaki; Nagai, Haruyasu; Takigawa, Masayuki*; et al.
Atmospheric Environment, 214, p.116830_1 - 116830_11, 2019/10
Times Cited Count：6 Percentile：25.62(Environmental Sciences)The utilization of numerical atmospheric dispersion prediction (NDP) models for accidental discharge of radioactive substances was recommended by a working group of the Meteorological Society of Japan. This paper is to validate the recommendation through NDP model intercomparison in the accidental release from the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant in 2011. Emission intensity is assumed to be constant during the whole forecast period for the worst-case scenario unless time sequence of emission is available. We expect to utilize forecasts of surface air contaminations for preventions of inhalations of radioactive substances, and column-integrated amounts for mitigation of radiation exposure associated with wet deposition. Although NDP forecasts have ensemble spread, they commonly figure out relative risk in space and time. They are of great benefit to disseminating effective warnings to public without failure. The multi-model ensemble technique may be effective to improve the reliability.
Nagai, Haruyasu; Yamazawa, Hiromi*
Environmental Contamination from the Fukushima Nuclear Disaster; Dispersion, Monitoring, Mitigation and Lessons Learned, p.230 - 242, 2019/08
An overview of SPEEDI is provided in the context of it development, functions, and role in the framework of nuclear emergency management. Thereafter, we examine how it was used and how it should be used for the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station accident from a system developer perspective. We believe that our review can provide lessons or tasks for improving the prediction system and for considering better utilization of the system; it is also beneficial to consider reconstructing the framework of nuclear emergency management. Furthermore, we hope this review will prove useful in understanding and effectively using the atmospheric dispersion predictions from the system in the case of a similar accident in the future.
Yoshizawa, Atsufumi*; Oba, Kyoko; Kitamura, Masaharu*
Nihon Genshiryoku Gakkai Wabun Rombunshi, 18(2), p.55 - 68, 2019/06
This study aims to improve the potential of an emergency response by analyzing the workload management during the accident at the Emergency Response Center (ERC) of TEPCO's Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. Specifically, the research focused on the response of the ERC during the time between the discontinuation of Unit 3 core water injection and its recovery. It identified the different types of workload at the ERC had and how they had been managed based on the record of a TV conference. It also deduced the casual factors of the responses, supplementing the interview record of the director of ERC at the time by applying workload management analysis. On the basis of these findings, lessons to enhance the potential of the on-site emergency response have been obtained for ERC and outside organizations.
Okuno, Hiroshi; Okamoto, Akiko; Ebine, Noriya; Hayakawa, Tsuyoshi; Tanaka, Tadao
Proceedings of 27th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE-27) (Internet), 15 Pages, 2019/05
In the event of a nuclear or radiological emergency, the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) as a designated public corporation assigned in the Disaster Countermeasures Basic Act of Japan undertakes a role to support the national government and local governments. This paper (1) illuminates the roles of the JAEA as a designated public corporation for preparedness and response to a nuclear or radiological emergency of nuclear facilities; (2) summarizes emergency response activities of the JAEA in accordance with its Disaster Management Operation Plan against the off-site radiological emergencies attributed to a loss of control of the Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO)'s Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station that occurred in 2011; and (3) reports its activities in normal times especially participation in the drills organized by the national government and local governments in the light of the Basic Disaster Management Plan of Japan and Local Disaster Management Plans of prefectural governments, respectively.
Nuclear Emergency Assistance and Training Center
JAEA-Review 2017-011, 54 Pages, 2017/07
JAEA-Review-2017-011.pdf:3.46MB
The Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) is a designated public institution under the Disaster Countermeasures Basic Act and under the Armed Attack Situations Response Act. Based on these Acts, the JAEA has the responsibility of providing technical support to the national and some local governments in case of a nuclear incident. In case of a nuclear emergency, the Nuclear Emergency Assistance and Training Center (NEAT) dispatches experts of JAEA, supplies the governments with emergency equipment, and gives them technical advice and information. In normal time, NEAT provides various drills/exercises and training courses to nuclear emergency responders. In FY2015, the NEAT accomplished the following tasks: (1) Improvement of hardware and software for technical support activities (2) Human resource development, exercise and training of nuclear emergency responders ; (3) Researches on nuclear emergency preparedness and response, and dissemination of useful information for emergency responders; (4) Arrangements for technical support for aerial monitoring; and (5) Technical contributions to Asian countries on nuclear emergency preparedness and response.
Kawatsuma, Shinji; Mimura, Ryuji; Asama, Hajime*
ROBOMECH Journal (Internet), 4, p.6_1 - 6_7, 2017/02
It was cleared that portability of emergency response reconnaissance robot had been very important. So, RESQ-A robots, which had been developed by Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (present Japan Atomic Energy Agency), had been considered from the view point of portability. After Fukushima Daiichi NPPs' accidents occurred, JAEA had modified a RESQ-A robot to JAEA-3 robot in order to meet the anticipated situation of the accidents. However, actual situation was beyond the anticipated situation, and additional modification was required. The actual confused situation was many rubble were scattered and temporary cables and hoses were constructed in the reactor buildings, so that reconnaissance robots should be conveyed by operators through limited route, should be reassembled in short time and should be able to remove cable and tiers for reduce the operators' exposure dose during maintenance. JAEA modified again JAEA-3 robot system, with cooperation of operators from Fukushima Daiichi NPPs. It was lesson learned that emergency response reconnaissance robot needed to be unitized for portability, and "Unitization Policy for emergency response reconnaissance robot" was developed.
Kawatsuma, Shinji; Asama, Hajime*
Nihon Robotto Gakkai-Shi, 34(8), p.552 - 557, 2016/10
There was not a guideline available for researchers, developers or users for robots or heavy construction machines on the evaluation of radiation tolerance and management method of robots and heavy construction machines using semiconductors, like as CPUs on the shelf, under radiation condition, when Fukushima Daiichi NPPs accidents occurred on March 11th, 2011. The evaluation and the management method became necessary, in order to deploy robots like as QUINCE developing for big city accidents or unmanned heavy construction machines for landside disaster. According to "radiation tolerance data base on parts or materials" developed in 1980's to 1990's by Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), a guideline, for robots and unmanned heavy construction machines, was tentatively developed.
Nuclear Emergency Assistance and Training Center
JAEA-Review 2016-005, 55 Pages, 2016/05
JAEA-Review-2016-005.pdf:3.61MB
The Japan Atomic Energy Agency, JAEA, is a designated public institution under the Disaster Countermeasures Basic Act and under the Armed Attack Situations Response Act. Based on these Acts, the JAEA has the responsibility of providing technical support to the national government and/or local governments in case of nuclear and/or radiological incidents. In order to fulfill the tasks as the designated public institution, the JAEA has established the Emergency Action Plan and the Civil Protection Action Plan. In case of a nuclear/radiological emergency, the Nuclear Emergency Assistance and Training Center (NEAT) dispatches specialists of JAEA, supplies the national government and local governments with emergency equipment and materials, and gives them technical advice and information. In normal time, NEAT provides various exercises and training courses concerning nuclear preparedness and response to emergency responders including the national and local government officers, in addition to the JAEA staff members. The NEAT also researches nuclear emergency preparedness and response, and cooperates with international organizations on the above research theme. In the FY2014, the NEAT accomplished the following tasks: (1) Technical support activities as a designated public institution in cooperation with the national and local governments, (2) Human resource development, exercise and training of nuclear emergency responders for the national and local governments, (3) Researches on nuclear emergency preparedness and response, and release to the public as useful information, (4) Technical contributions to Asian countries on nuclear emergency preparedness and response in collaboration with the international organizations.
Sato, Takeshi; Muto, Shigeo; Akiyama, Kiyomitsu; Aoki, Kazufumi; Okamoto, Akiko; Kawakami, Takeshi; Kume, Nobuhide; Nakanishi, Chika; Koie, Masahiro; Kawamata, Hiroyuki; et al.
JAEA-Review 2014-048, 69 Pages, 2015/02
JAEA-Review-2014-048.pdf:13.91MB
JAEA was assigned as a designated public institution under the Disaster Countermeasures Basic Act and under the Armed Attack Situations Response Act. Based on these Acts, the JAEA has the responsibility of providing technical support to the national government and/or local governments in case of disaster responses or response in the event of a military attack, etc. In order to fulfill the tasks, the JAEA has established the Emergency Action Plan and the Civil Protection Action Plan. In case of a nuclear emergency, NEAT dispatches specialists of JAEA, supplies the national government and local governments with emergency equipment and materials, and gives technical advice and information. In normal time, NEAT provides various exercises and training courses concerning nuclear disaster prevention to those personnel taking an active part in emergency response institutions of the national and local governments, police, fire fighters, self-defense forces, etc. in addition to the JAEA itself. The NEAT also researches nuclear disaster preparedness and response, and cooperates with international organizations. In the FY2013, the NEAT accomplished the following tasks: (1) Technical support activities as a designated public institution in cooperation with the national and local governments, etc. (2) Human resource development, exercise and training of nuclear emergency response personnel for the national and local governments, etc. (3) Researches on nuclear disaster preparedness and response, and sending useful information (4) International contributions to Asian countries on nuclear disaster preparedness and response in collaboration with the international organizations
Ishigami, Tsutomu; Kobayashi, Kensuke
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 35(6), p.443 - 453, 1998/06
Times Cited Count：1 Percentile：15.02(Nuclear Science & Technology)no abstracts in English
Yamazawa, Hiromi; Chino, Masamichi
Proc. of 6th Topical Meeting on Emergency Preparedness and Response, 0, p.507 - 510, 1997/00
no abstracts in English
Yamamoto, Hideaki
Proc. of IAEA/KINS Nuclear Safety Symp., 0, p.26 - 31, 1996/00
no abstracts in English
